[苹果手机如何下载数字钱包]《Pokemon Go》如此受欢迎的10大社会心理原因

­　　( 2 ) It ’ s fun, free to play, easy to play, and easy to access

­　　by Mark Griffiths

­　　A number of articles on Pok é mon Go have noted that playing the game has meant players having to go outdoors and walk miles to catch the Pok é mon. In short, if you want to do well in the game, you have to get out the house and do some exercise. As one article summed up on this aspect: ‘ The running meme is that Pok é mon Go managed to do in 24 hours what Michelle Obama could not manage over the course of 8 years: get people outside and active … It turns out gamification of healthy activities can be done and that ’ s potentially a huge win for the gaming subset of our society that doesn ’ t exactly have the healthiest track record " . Personally, I ’ m not convinced that Pok é mon Go is as good as more traditional ‘ exergaming ’ ( such as playing Wii Sports ) but I can ’ t deny that it gets people out of a sedentary routine.

­　　Back in the early and mid-2000s I published a number of studies showing that the most important reason for playing online multiplayer games was for social reasons and to connect and interact with other players. The great think about Pok é mon Go is that meeting other players face-to-face is almost inevitable as the game is played outside and on the move, and it ’ s easy to spot other like-minded players. People can make new friendships or consolidate existing ones. Players talk to each other and can share their experiences. Some may even have shared memories that plugs into feelings of nostalgia. However, Pok é mon Go players ( if they so wish ) can play on their own too. The game is flexible enough to adapt to the player.

­　　Pok é mon Go features many of the early ‘ classic ’ Pok é mon characters ( the ones that you could name in a pub quiz ) hailing back to the 1990s. As well as attracting new and younger players, adults who loved Pok é mon as a child or teenager can now re-live some of their childhood and adolescence. In short, some players can experience something new yet familiar. A research review carried out by Dr. Constantine Sedikides and Dr. Tim Wildschut demonstrated that " nostalgia has remarkable implications for one ’ s future. It strengthens approach orientation, raises optimism, evokes inspiration, boosts creativity, and kindles prosociality. Far from reflecting escapism from the present, nostalgia potentiates an attainable future " . A number of online articles coomenting on the popularity of Pok é mon have included quotes about the game ’ s nostalgic element from Dr. Jamie Madigan ( author of the 2015 book Getting Gamers: The Psychology of Video Games and Their Impact on People Who Play Them ) . He asserted that " if nostalgia is in play, and it evokes this positive emotion … our brain can substitute the question, ‘ Does this make me happy ’ for ‘ Is this a good game? ’"

­　　Over the years I have written countless papers talking about the role of random ratio reinforcement schedules ( operant condition processes ) that underlie repetitive behaviour ( that in extreme cases can result in gambling and gaming addictions ) . In simple terms, playing a videogame or a slot machine results in intermittent and unpredictable rewards. Knowing when a reward is coming gets boring in the long run but games where the player doesn ’ t know when the next reward is coming ( like when in the Pok é mon Go game, the player will next see a Pok é mon to catch ) . Anticipated rewards ( similarly to actual rewards ) also facilitate dopamine ( one of the most important ‘ feel good ’ neurotransmitters in the human body ) release in the body. In fact, a paper by Dr. Patrick Anselm and Dr. Mike Robinson published in the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience argued that dopamine release " seems to reflect the unpredictability of reward delivery rather than reward per se " and suggests that the motivation to gamble or play videogames " is strongly ( though not entirely ) determined by the inability to predict reward occurrence " . In short, playing Pok é mon Go can keep you playing longer than you might have originally intended. ( source:gamasutra )

­　　" In a 1991 article published in the ‘ Journal of Social Behavior and Personality ’ , Belk described two main types of collecting: aesthetic and taxonomic. Aesthetic collecting occurs when objects aren ’ t in limited supply and so adding things to your collection depends on personal preferences. This includes artwork, but not pocket monsters. ‘ I expect no matter how beautiful or ugly the Pok é mon is, there ’ s relatively little aesthetic judgment, " says Belk …’ You want them all — or as many as possible ’ . Collecting Pok é mon is a lot like building a coin or stamp collection. It involves taxonomy – the process of naming and classifying things into groups. Taxonomic collecting can end temporarily but continue later: the original Game Boy games ( Pok é mon Red and Pok é mon Blue ) featured 151 monster ‘ species, ’ but sequels have pushed that number over 700. If ‘ Pok é mon Go ’ remains popular and profitable in the long term, the app ’ s developer will no doubt add new species. Belk adds that the desire to collect isn ’ t driven by a need to complete a collection. ‘ You ’ re not striving for that closure as much as striving for bigger and better collections … That implies some social comparisons – that your collection is in some sense better than theirs. "